ftdconsultancy

Educational counseling
Counseling for Pre-school education
This stage includes Pre-Primary and Kindergarten stages. Before birth womb was the most secure place for the child. On coming to this earth he or she experiences his/her first trauma of life. This experience some where makes him/her aware of the realities of life and she learns his first lesson here. Momentarily he feels him insecure and demands immediate security, which he gets from his mother. As the time passes he feels herself secure in the company of other family members also because of their love and affection for him. Now the aim of parents is to prepare him for the school life. As school life is not as free as home. so this becomes a very crucial stage for the child as well as for the parents to prepare her for that environment and this demands assistance from the efficient and skilled personels.So at this stage the chief aim is to help the child adjust himself to the new life at school which is not as free as the home life, an other aim is to motivate the child to take interest in learning.
Counseling of parents
Most of the families of today are nuclear family. In ninety nine percent cases here both parents are working and they have very less time for their wards. But good thing is this that they are very much aware of their duties towards their child. So they always try to make available every thing for their child, it may be a good school, good tutor and every physical infrastructure prerequisite for creating conducive envinioonment for him. But this is not every thing. A personal touch is very much required for his all-round development. And this thing demands that the parents must know about their child maximum in terms of his intelligence, attitude, aptitude, personality type, interests both general and vocational, physical, and mental emotional and vital characteristics. And only then any parent can truly assist his ward in every crucial situation of his development. On the contrary the traditional joint family pattern is also very complex here every one has joint responsibility of every child of the family. Here the situation is much more complex because no one is able to concentrate solely on development requirement and sound education of their wards so for positive physical, vital, mental and emotional development all the above mentioned information are required. Knowledge of good schools of the city and their requirements is also necessary for the parents. So that at the exact time they would be able to put their wards in a good school according to his requirements.
Counseling at school
Most of the schools of today are very much aware of the requirement of the child. And they try well for the all-round development of child. But the main agency i.e. teacher must be aware and updated about the important development patters and requirement of the child in physical, vital, mental and emotional domains. So that he should be well equipped for this specialized task of teaching.
Counseling for Elementary education
• At Primary education stage
• At Upper primary education stage
At the age of five to six, years they enter the primary stage. There are two levels at the elementary stage as primary stage (Classes I to V) and Upper primary (6-8) expected to complete at the age of 13 years and enter the secondary stage. Article 45 of the Constitution of India Stipulates free and compulsory education for all the children until they complete the age of 14. In 1993, the Supreme Court, in its order in the Unnikrishnan case, has also declared education of children up to the age of 14 years to be a Fundamental Right. This stage starts from childhood and terminate at the on set of adolescent. So this stage starts from freedom and slowly the child finds himself in a stage of stress and storm. Many conceptions, misconception, preconceptions are formed of the physical and social environment. Thousands of questions arise and falls in a single moment. So this is the most crucial stage of development in the life of the child. Here the beliefs are converted into attitudes and many more things start taking concrete steps. Now the child requires assistance at every decisive moment of this stage. In this period it is required that every type of information regarding life skills should be provided. here the learner should be make aware of the career choices, developing the right attitude towards career planning.
Counseling At home
Parents must know about their child requirements for his all round development. Each domain of development i.e. physical, vital, mental and emotional must be taken care effectively and resoursefully.At this stage the child is influenced by every little thing. So this is a stage of great care and nourishment of all the faculties of development. As education includes all these things it becomes very important that parents of today must be very much aware of their child requirements. Every positive interest, attitude, habit, hobby must be groomed and polished so that in future any one of these things becomes the profession of that child.
Counseling At school

Strategies to ensure that all students are engaged and have an equal opportunity. The goal of the program is to achieve to the highest of the capacity and abilities of the child Effective classroom management is a key component of the school education. Recent empirical studies have shown that the teaching skills and classroom management skills of teachers are the strongest factors in student learning. When classrooms experience more student misbehavior, less time is spent on task, and students learn less. Consequently, it is not surprising that many educators regard improving student discipline as one of the most important factors in improving schools. So in this context if a child is treated according to his own potentialities and capabilities. All these problems will be automatically solved. So the need of the hour is actually to know your student better for his true upliftment towards self realization. Responds to the changing needs of students by establishing consistency with in the classroom and throughout the school, while providing flexibility and responsiveness to the unique styles of each teacher. Progress builds over time to provide a stable and orderly learning environment in which students become self-disciplined by experiencing greater responsibility. Greater responsibility is provided through a series of activities that allow students to become partners in the classroom. Students gain self-discipline by resolving conflicts, solving problems, participating in decisions and by having responsibility for managing the classroom. These experiences, guided by the teacher, enable students to test their own sense of values and build important bridges to their future roles in the larger world. Some of the aims here would be to:-
• Making the learner aware of their capabilities and aptitude.
• To aware him for career choices.
• Development of the self concept in the learner.
• Providing information of various career choices.
Counseling for Secondary and Senior- secondary education
This is the stage where the child firstly in his life experiences the hard realities of the life. The school curriculum becomes some what harder. And everyone in school and family say that now you have grown up be serious in your every act. And he himself feels that every thing has changed. People meet him with different attitude. Now this is the first terminal stage for him where he has to take some decisions for his future life. Here actual problem arise that he is not aware of his potentialities and he is solely drawn by the aptitude and attitude of others as it be his peer group or parents or teacher. And this is the stage where some one becomes the spoil spot for his future life. Time once gone is gone and there is no second time. So if every one chooses his career according to his own aptitude, attitude and likings then there is no chance of failure in life. There are many career options after this stage and anyone who do not want to carry forward in academic can opt for that and could be very successful in the life.
Some of the very important development which should take place at this stage can be summarized as following:-
• Stimulating career development concerns.
• Crystallizing ideas regarding careers.
• Providing information about different careers.
• Providing assistance about selection of careers.
• Providing information about institutions in higher education offering different courses.
• Assisting in knowing the availability of scholarships, study loans etc.
• Assisting the learner to know the details of the world of work.
• Techniques of achieving success in the careers.
• Developing the positive attitude and to put heart and soul in his career.
Counseling At home
Parents should understand the child requirement and capabilities and help him to take his independent decisions about his future life. There should be no projection of his own goals of life through the child. He should be constantly reassured that you can do what you want to do.
Counseling At school
Some of the most important strategy to improve the school environment and in turn which will help the child in achieving their goal can be the following:-
1. Prevention: Classroom discipline problems are prevented before they begin. Teachers use strategies such as recognizing students for doing the right thing, providing penalties for students who come to class without them, and using the conflict resolution process to solve student-to-student issues. Teachers also motivate good behavior through the use of coupons and positive praise.
2. Organization: The learning environment is organized to prevent off-task behavior and to encourage students’ management of their own behavior. This includes organizing space, time, materials and supplies, and routines, and the posting of daily learning expectations. Students can often apply and interview for classroom management positions. Routines are established for absent students to self-manage completion of missed assignments and for student managers to assist substitute teachers.
3. Caring: The classroom climate reflects a caring learning environment. Taking time to connect with students is the first step in classroom management. Strategies include having students select examples of their best work for display throughout the room and hallways and providing a communication method, such as a mail box, for students to share celebratory events as well as problems. Teachers use active questioning opportunity to respond. Teachers routinely use reflection time and exit tickets to allow students to internalize learning, connect to prior learning, and report what they have learned
4. Cooperation: School staff, teachers, and students work together to achieve an orderly environment in which to work and actively learn. School staff and students use nonverbal signals to gain attention and “zero noise” from their audience. Teachers use cooperative learning strategies to foster team participation and responsibility for each student’s success.
5. Classroom and community communication: A school-wide system for positive communication with parents forms a mutually responsible relationship between home and school. An active constituency of parents and community members is involved in school governance. A communication system documents phone calls, parent conferences, and the systematic distribution of notes that provide positive messages for parents.
6. Adapting curricula and updating contents in order to reflect:
• Economic and social changes set in motion, in particular, by globalization, migration and cultural diversity;
• the ethical dimension of scientific and technological progress;
• the growing importance of communication, expression and the capacity to listen and dialogue, first of all in the mother-tongue, then in the official language in the country as well as in one or more foreign languages;
• The positive contribution that may result from integrating technologies into the learning process.
• Developing not only disciplinary but also interdisciplinary approaches and competencies.
• Supporting and nurturing innovations.
• Seeking, in the development of curricula, to ensure relevance at the local, national and international levels at the same time.

6. Methods:
• Promoting active learning methods and teamwork. ?
• Encouraging all-round and balanced development and preparing the individual for active citizenship open to the world.

7. Teachers:
• Facilitating genuine involvement on the part of teachers in decision-making within the school, through training and other means.
• Improving the education of teachers so that they can better develop among pupils’ behavior and values of solidarity and tolerance, so as to prepare them to prevent and resolve conflicts peacefully and to respect cultural diversity.
• Changing the relationship between teacher and pupil to respond to the evolution of society.
• Improving the use of information and communication technologies in teacher training and in classroom practices.

8. Daily life in educational institutions:
• Creating within the school a climate of tolerance and respect encouraging the development of a democratic culture.
• Providing a way for the school to function that encourages participation of the pupils in decision-making.
• Proposing a shared definition of projects and learning activities.

9. Educational research:
• Stimulating research that clarifies the concept of learning to live together and the implications for policy and practices.
• Promoting research on the development of contents and teaching methods relating to learning to live together.
• Stimulating comparative studies in the sub-regional, regional and trans- regional contexts.

10. Partnerships:
• Since education is not the sole answer to learning to live together, its improvement requires the contribution not only of the school but also of all concerned actors. It therefore implies the introduction and the strengthening of genuine partnerships with the entire society: teachers, communities, families, the economic sector, the media, NGOs, and the intellectual and spiritual authorities.
• Partnerships are also required to expand access to and effective use of new information and communication technologies.
• Learning to live together requires policies for the development of lifelong learning beginning with early childhood education.
Counseling for Higher education
It is a hard reality but we have to accept it that most of the students in higher education are those who are not guided at the right time and due to that they go on pursuing the academics and now these average students finds themselves no where. Although some bright students who were guided well achieve their goal in higher education also. Academics are always a long route and percentage of success is less. The situation becomes more worse when in the country like us where funds for higher education and particularly in research are very less. And the very talented youth also find himself in a very miserable situation. The important thing here is to understand the university system well and then to decide whether to continue the academics or not. Better is this that a child should opt for professional degree after 10+2.In the Indian system, education imparted beyond the 10 + 2 stage, is called higher education (or tertiary level education). Education at this level is provided by universities and a network of colleges, affiliated to them but not exclusively. There is also a parallel Non-university stream, the third stream of the Indian educational system, which is also a significant component of higher education. There are also two other categories of institutions of higher learning which enjoy university status-institutions deemed to be universities (or simply “deemed universities” and institutions of national importance. The University Grants Commission (UGC) constituted under the University Grants Commission Act, 1956, is the apex body which oversees the standards of teaching, examinations and research in universities.
The University Stream offers degree courses at three levels-first degree (or Graduate degree, i.e., Bachelor’s degree); postgraduate degree (i.e., Master’s degree; and Doctoral and post-Doctoral degrees (i.e., Ph.D., D.Litt. /D.Sc.). There is also a pre-Doctoral degree (M.Phil.). Besides, universities also offer certificate and diploma level courses. Bachelor’s degree is obtained after three years of study in one of the streams-Arts (P.A.), Science (B.SC.) and Commerce (B.Com.).
Most of the first-degree professional courses are of four-year duration although there are variations. For example, in the case of medicine (MBBS), the duration is four and half-years, while the dentistry course (BDS) is of four-year duration. For both the courses there is a compulsory period of internship. The duration of Master’s degree programme also varies. M.A. M.SC. M.Com, MBA programmes are of two-year duration. In the case of M.E./M.Tech., the duration is only one and half years; but the computer application course (MCA) needs three years of study.
There are also postgraduate courses of one-year duration leading to the award of Bachelor’s degree, e.g. B.Ed. (Education), BLISc (Library and Information Science), BCJ (Communication & Journalism). A further study of one-year leads to master’s degree in the concerned subjects. The duration of law course is three years leading to the award of a post-graduate degree in (BL/LLB), although integrated BL/LLB programmes of five-year duration after 10 + 2 is also available. This decision perhaps, has led to the introduction of integrated Master’s degree programmes in several subjects after 10 + 2. By and large, the students attain the age of 20 years when they obtain the first degree and 21-22 years in case of first degree in professional courses. They are about 23 years when they complete the Master’s degree programmes in most of the disciplines.
The M.Phil. Course, which is the preparatory programme for doctoral level (Ph.D.) studies, is of one and half year duration. Ph.D. program takes two-year or more depending upon individual students. There are also two higher post Ph.D. degrees leading to the awards of D.Sc. and D.Litt. degrees. Many universities and institutions offer part-time courses in selected subjects (mostly in management), the duration of which is more than that of a full-time program. For example, a part-time course in management (MBA) needs three years of study instead of normal two years for regular courses. In addition to the degree courses, all the universities offer a plethora of diploma and certificate courses. Their range is wide and covers subjects from “Religious Dialogue” to “Computer Aided Design”. Some are undergraduate diploma courses while some others are postgraduate courses. The duration, depending upon the subjects, varies form one year to three years. Like the ITI’s and polytechnics, which function outside the School Stream, there are a large number of education institutions, which function outside the university stream. Most of them offer
professional programmes, the largest concentration being in the management and information technology areas. While many of them are recognized by the concerned regulatory authorities, some are not. This stream is an important component of the national system of education and supplements the educational and training programs offered by the university stream.

Counseling At home
There is always a conflict in the mind of parents and child both what and where to go for in higher education. Most of the students opt for professional degree but who does not successed to go for college graduation scheme either in science, commerce or humanities and in ninety percent cases they are not sure of their future planning. After graduation whether they will go for competitions or post graduation courses. Now if they would have clear in their minds what they have to do then things will be different and then they will be well prepared for that. So these course and career targets must be clear in the minds of the parents and child both well in time.
Counseling At school
There are very less schools that keep in mind the individual differences of their students and work on them according to that. Any society prospers where individual differences are groomed and nurtured. So need is to assess their students accurately with the help of appropriate techniques. If teacher is well aware of her students potentialities only then they will be able to guide them appropriately.